I adore the idea behind the thread, and your explanations were great! In all honesty, I believe your characters opinions can change over time as well, but at a much slower rate than their personality. If you don't mind, I'll try out some of the prompts you wrote up with one of my own characters real quick.
[SPOILER="Answering the prompts"]
Alexei's patience ran out quickly, and he decided to solve the problem through violent means. A quick jab for the Shendar's nose would probably be enough of a warning, he thought. Alexei left him in the gutter, moving on with his day. Alexei had a distaste for Shendar, and a much larger distaste for the lazy complainers and the ones that cry for others to solve their problems. As he says, "A man carves his own path in life, not the state, not their friends, only him."
Alexei would not respond to the nobleman's son, instead he held his ground, remaining seated on the chair. His movements would only get a stern glare from Alexei, he would not bend or move over for a boy, regardless of what his father's name was. Unlike some of his peers though, Alexei didn't reply with spite or anger towards the boy; the boy didn't choose to be born of nobility, and Alexei has no right to despise him just because the boy is richer than himself.
Alexei would make no move to save the lady. Having grown up in a Vladno household, this was commonplace for him; additionally, he saw it fit to not meddle with other people's affairs, as long as they had no effect on him. Had the man made a move against Alexei, he would have stopped him, but if the man didn't, Alexei would move onward. His errands were much more urgent to him than the affairs of two strangers.
Alexei would have decided to hand the blade over to the runt of the litter. He sees it as a golden chance to bring the youngest closer to the others, as well as forming a bond of trust between the boy and himself. Family comes above all to Alexei, and if giving the sword to the youngest can aid in tightening family bonds, then he would gladly do so.
[/SPOILER]